ABSTRACT
Background: Penile carcinoma is an uncommon condition, accounting for less than 1% of all male cancers. It typically presents as a superficial lesion involving the Glans and Penile Shaft. Risk factors for penile carcinoma include phimosis, human papilloma virus infection and tobacco smoking. The spread of the tumor to the loco-regional lymph nodes is the most relevant prognostic factor
Case Presentation: The current case report is about a 65 years old male who presented with non-healing ulcer involving glans and shaft of penis for two months. Examination of Perineum revealed an ulcer of size about 3 cm in length involving glans and distal penile shaft, with eaten up most of glans surface. Wedge biopsy histopathology report showed moderately differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis involving sub-epithelial tissue with lympho-vascular invasion and involvement of corpora cavernosa. CT-Scan abdomen with IV contrast showed no evidence of metastasis or lymphadenopathy. So partial penectomy was planned and carried out subsequently
Conclusion: Although squamous cell carcinoma of the penis a rare disease, mainly affecting the elderly population but all the penile ulcers not responding to medial therapy must be evaluated for malignancy. Most of these cases remain neglected because of inadequate evaluation and investigation by the local doctors which leads to late presentation. Due to these circumstances the patients have already metastatic disease at presentation. So, it is required to educate local doctors as well as general population to create proper awareness of this disease
ABSTRACT
Background: DJ Stents have been in use since long for the management of ureteral obstruction. The obstruction may be due to stone, stricture, PUJ Obstruction etc. DJ Stents if kept for long time are associated with different complications like, blockage, break, migration, encrustation, stone formation etc. These long stayed DJ Stents need additional procedures for their removal like, URS, PCNL, and Pyelolithotomy etc
Objectives: i] to analyze the data retrospectively to see the number of patients having forgotten DJ Stents. ii] to see the level of awareness of patients regarding their DJ removal
Study Design: retrospective study
Place and duration of study: Urology Department, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from Jan 2011 to Dec 2014
Materials and Methods: record of patients of forgotten DJ Stents for 4 years
Results: during 4 years period 35 patients were found to have forgotten DJ Stents and maximum duration of forgotten DJ Stents was 14 years. 41.66% patients in first group [indwell time 3- 12months] were having encrustations. Overall 11/35 [31.42%] needed litholopaxy for their DJ removal and 24/35 [68.57%] needed URS and it was successful in 22/24 patients. One patient needed PCNL and one had pyelolithotomy for their removal
Conclusion: patients should be stressed / counseled properly regarding its removal by telling its complication. Thread attached to the DJ stent may be left outside external urethral meatus. It must be properly documented in discharge slip. A register must be maintained to keep record of these patients and it should have their address and phone number so that they should be reminded of about their DJ removal well in time
ABSTRACT
Background: It has been a matter of great controversy whether the sonography [USG] and intravenous urography [IVU] both are mandatory for the evaluation of hydronephrosis and hydro ureter in female patients having urinary fistulae. So we planned to conduct a study on this subject
Objectives: To compare the sensitivity of IVU and USG in showing the degree of Hydro nephrosis and hydro ureter in the patients having VVF
Study Design: Prospective study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology Punjab Medical College /Allied Hospital Faisalabad from January 2013 to October 2014
Methodology: Thirty consecutive female patients suffering from urinary incontinence who presented in outpatient department and were diagnosed to have VVF were taken for study. Patients with urge incontinence, patients with malignancy, patients who underwent surgery or received radiation were excluded from this study. Informed consent for study purpose and surgery were taken. USG and IVU were done in every patients to find the hydronephrosis or hydro ureter
Results: Twenty seven out of thirty patients who had not hydronephrosis on USG, they also had not hydronephrosis or hydro ureter on IVU, while only three patients had hydronephrosis on USG had also hydronephrosis on IVU
Conclusion: This study concluded that USG and IVU have almost equal sensitivity in finding hydro nephrosis or hydro ureter in patients having VVF. Therefore, any one of them can suffice to find out hydronephrosis. IVU is an invasive procedure and have the risk of reaction to contrast material and exposure to radiations. USG is cost effective, non-invasive and hence can be used in place of IVU
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy [PCNL] is an effective treatment for large renal calculi and usually a nephrostomy tube is placed in the kidney at the end of PCNL
Objective: To compare the outcome of conventional percutaneous nephrolithotomy with postoperative PCN tube versus tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, in terms of duration of surgery and postoperative hospital stay
Study Design: Randomized control trial
Setting: Urology Department Punjab Medical College / Allied Hospital Faisalabad
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were taken with non probability consecutive sampling technique. They were divided into group A[n=30] with conventional PCNL having postoperative nephrostomy tube and group B[n=30] with tubeless PCNL by computer generated random number table. They were compared in terms of duration of surgery and post operative hospital stay
Results: Age distribution of total patients ranged from 15 to 77 years, mean age was 35.07 +/- 15.89. Mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was 6.2 +/- 0.81and 4.07 +/- 1.2 days [p-value=00001] in group A and group B respectively. The operating time was 80 to 145, minutes, mean time 110.17 +/- 15.87 in group A. In group B, operating time was between 65 to 140 minutes mean time 95.18 +/- 22.43
Conclusion: Tubeless PCNL reduces duration of surgery and postoperative hospital stay significantly as compared to conventional PCNL with postoperative nephrostomy tube
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To evaluate the success and complications of intracorporeal cystolithotripsy in children
Design: It was prospective and descriptive study
Place and duration of study: Study was conducted in Department of Urology Allied Hospital, [PMC] Faisalabad from January 2011 to December 2012
Patients and Methods: Total number of 40 patients with vesical stone
Results: Children with average age of 7.23 years were included in study. Stones were completely removed in [90%] patients. Perforation occurred in 2.5% patients, 5% patients required redo intracorporeal cystolithotripsy due to stone impaction in urethra. 2.5% Patients needed open vesicolithotomy due to bleeding
Conclusion: Intracorporeal cystolithotripsy with pneumatic lithoclast is a safe and valid procedure for management of vesical calculi in children
ABSTRACT
Foetal hydronephrosis is commonly caused bycongenital pelviureteric Junction [PUJ] obstruction.It is either due to nerve deficiency or due to intrinsicmuscular defect at PUJ or it may be due to lowerpolar aberrant crossing vessel just compressing thePUJ. The purpose of this study is to see thecontribution of crossing vessels in causing the PUJobstruction
Aims and objectives: [1] to find thecontribution of crossing vessels in causing PUJobstruction on naked eye examinationperoperatively, [2] To histologicaly verify the causeof PUJ obstruction in cases of crossing vesselscompressing the pelvi-ureteric junction [PUJ]
Patients and methods: 27 cases of Congenital PUJobstruction were taken during four year period whowere candidatesfor operation. All underwent Anderson HynesPyeloplasty and specimen of PUJ with narrowsegment below it was taken and preserved in 10%formalin. The specimen was sent to histopathologistalong with other specimens where PUJ obstructionwas not caused by crossing vessels for nervedetection by S-100 immunohistochemistry and forhistopathological examination
Results: Five out of27 cases of PUJ obstruction were caused by crossingvessels and in these five cases, four [80%] werehaving normal histology showing that crossingvessels were the cause of PUJ obstruction merelycompressing the PUJ mechanically
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To assess the causative factors and outcome of surgical management of Vesicovaginal fistula [VVF] in our set up
Duration and Design of Study: Retrospective descriptional study from January 2008 to June 2012 conducted at Department of Urology PMC/Allied Hospital Faisalabad
Methodology: All patients with VVF who presented in our out patient department and underwent surgical repair in our department were included in this study. The records of patients were reviewed and data was entered in a structured proforma and analyzed. After history, physical examination, relevant investigations, IVU, Cystoscopy and vaginoscopy, patients were divided into two groups. Patients with supratrigonal fistula were operated through abdominal approach and those with infratrigonal fistula were operated through vaginal approach. The outcome of surgical procedures and post operative complications were noted
Results: This study included 68 patients. In 42 [61.76%] patients, cause of VVF was iatrogenic injury during hysterectomy, and 26 [38.24%] patients developed VVF due to obstetric causes. Fifty patients [73.53%] had supratrigonal fistula and eighteen patients [26.47%] were having trigonal or subtrigonal fistula. We achieved 90% and 83.33% success rate with abdominal and vaginal repair respectively
Conclusion: The most common cause of VVF is iatrogenic injury during hysterectomy. Both approaches of surgical repair had almost equally good results
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the outcome of end-to-end urethroplasty for stricture urethra and need for ancillary procedures. Prospective, study was carried out in Department of Urology Allied Hospital Faisalabad from Oct, 2007 to April, 2010 to see the outcome for anastomotic urethroplasty in 40 patients. Simple perineal urethroplasty was done in 30 patients. Perineal urethroplasty with separation of corporal bodies was done in 06 patients and inferior pubectomy was required in 02 patients according to indication. Age, length of stricture and ancillary techniques required during reconstruction were combined. Success was considered when there was no need for redo anastmosis, IOU or patient was cured by dilatation. Out of 40 patients that underwent end-to-end urethroplasty, 35 [87.5%] were successful. Simple perineal urethroplasty showed a success rate of 93.75%. Perineal urethroplasty with separation of corporal bodies had a success rate of 66.66%. Patients in which inferior pubectomy was required had success rate of 50%. End-to-end urethroplasty is an excellent option for treatment of stricture urethra and majority of failures occurs in children and those having very proximal membranoprostatic urethral strictures
Subject(s)
Humans , Anastomosis, Surgical , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methodsABSTRACT
To ascertain the efficacy of transurethral Ureteroscopy [URS] and Pneumatic Lithoclasty for the management of ureteral stones. This retrospective study was conducted from December 2005 to December 2009 at the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Allied Hospital/Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad and Hospitals in Private sector. Patients with stones of different sizes and at different levels in the ureter were included in the study. Patients of less than 12 years of age and also patients with ureteric stones more than 3 cm were not included in the study.Such stones were managed by open Ureterolithotomy. A total number of 540 patients with ureteric calculi were included in the study. Cause of ureteric obstruction was stones in all cases. Among these 450 patients, 209 [38.6%] patients presented with lower ureteric stones, 266 [49.20%] patients presented with stones in the mid ureter, 65 [12.2%] patients presented with stones in the upper ureter. Bilateral ureteric calculi were present in 95 [17.5%] cases. Out of 540 cases 57 [10.62%] patients presented with anuria and they were initially treated by Percutaneous Nephrostomy PCN to relieve the obstruction followed by URS and Lithoclasty. Overall, ureteric stones at different levels and of different sizes were treated successfully in 480 [89.0%] patients and in remaining 60 [11.0%] patients stones could not be broken. Stones were successfully fragmented and cleared in the 198 [94.73%] of 209 patients with stones in the lower ureter, in 253 [95.11%] of 266 patients with stones in the mid ureter and in 29 [44.61%] of 65 patients with stones in the upper part of ureter. Stones were successfully fragmented in 347 [98.21%] out of 354, 92 [85.18%] out of 108 and 41 [52.56%] out of 78 patients with stone sizes of <1 cm, 1-2 cm and 2-3 cm respectively. DJ stents were inserted in 426 [78.81%] cases. Procedure was not successful in 60 [11.0%] patients. Stones were migrated up in to renal pelvis in 31 [5.73%] patients, stone fragmentation failure was in 13 [2.40%] patients, failure of URS insertion up to stone was in 6 [1.10%] patients and ureteric avulsion was in 1 [0.18%]. Transurethral rigid Ureteroscopy is still an acceptable procedure in the treatment of ureteric calculi of different sizes at different levels and it can be used safely with very good results in expert hands
ABSTRACT
To compare the results of Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty with Mathieu repair and transverse inner perpuitual skin flap [Asopa's repair]: For Distal Hypospadias repair 30 patients were treated with Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty and 30 were managed with Mathieu repair. For proximal hypospadias repair 20 patients were treated by Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty and 20 patients were managed by Asopa's repair. The mean age at presentation was 7 years. Good cosmetic and functional results were achieved by all techniques. The overall success rate of Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty was 86.6% and that of Mathieu repair 83.3% for the management of distal hypospadias. Success rate of Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty was 85% and that of Asopas repair was 75% for the management of proximal hypospadias. Regarding Distal Hypospadias. In Mathieu repair; Urethrocutaneous fistula developed in 04 patients and total disruption in 01 patient. Meatal stenosis occurred in 02 cases who responded well to regular dilatation. In Tubularized Incised Plate urethroplasty 03 patients developed urethrocutaneous fistula. Total disruption in 01 patient and meatal stenosis was seen in 03 cases which responded well to regular dilatation. Regading proximal Hypospadias. In Tubularized incised plate Urethroplasty; 03 patients developed urethrocutaneous fistula and 01 patient presented with total disruption. Meatal stenosis was seen in 01 patient that needed meatatomy. In Asopas repair 03 patients developed urethrocutaneous fistula and 02 presented with total disruption. All the techniques are good for hypospadias repair. However Tubularized incised plate Urethroplasty proved to be the better technique for management of all type of hypospadias